• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a reflective surface cleaning method and device for mirrors of a solar installation. The method comprises a first cleaning sequence (E1) by rotating brushing the reflective surfaces of the mirrors along a predetermined direction along the row of mirrors, and a step of detecting (T1) the presence of a triggering sandstorm, following this first cleaning sequence (E1), a second cleaning sequence (E2) in the opposite direction of the reflecting surfaces along the row of mirrors by rotating brushing of the reflecting surfaces. The invention finds its application in the field of solar energy.
    公开号:FR3066930A1
    申请号:FR1700579
    申请日:2017-05-31
    公开日:2018-12-07
    发明作者:Adrien Lomonaco；Christophe Lehaut
    申请人:Suncnim；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method of cleaning reflective surfaces of flat or slightly curved mirrors of a solar installation. The invention is particularly applicable to a solar installation comprising parallel lines of mirrors.
    The efficiency and effectiveness of solar installations are directly linked to the ability of solar mirrors to correctly reflect sunlight. The cleanliness of the reflective surfaces of these mirrors is therefore essential, and regular cleaning of the reflective surfaces is therefore essential. Given the often very large sizes of solar installations, automatic cleaning is planned for reasons of cost and time.
    Document FR 2 997 875 in the name of the applicant describes a device for cleaning mirrors composing a line of reflectors of a solar installation and using a motorized robot which can move along this line back and forth. return to clean the mirrors of this line without human intervention.
    This robot comprises a movable chassis with movement guided in translation along the line of mirrors, a rotary cylindrical brush for cleaning the reflective surfaces of the mirrors during the movement in translation in the forward and return direction of the chassis along the line. of mirrors, a washing water spray nozzle integral with the frame and which can be controlled to moisten the entire width of the mirrors downstream of the cylindrical cleaning brush when the frame moves in translation in reverse direction along the line of mirrors and a scraper supported by the frame and able to be controlled to occupy a raised inactive position when the frame moves in translation in the forward direction along the line of mirrors and a lowered position upstream of the brush to clean the humidified reflective surfaces line mirrors during the translational movement of the chassis in the reverse direction along this l igneous.
    However, this robot must be removed manually or by lifting means at the end of the cleaning of the installation. To overcome this drawback, document FR 3 022 360 in the name of the applicant proposes a device making it possible to transport and position a cleaning robot successively opposite parallel lines of horizontal mirrors of a solar installation mounted on a support structure at floor to start a cleaning sequence of the horizontal mirrors of each line by the robot able to move back and forth along the line of mirrors and which is characterized in that it comprises a carriage carrying the cleaning robot and means for controlling the translational movement of the carriage relative to the support structure of the mirror lines along a guide path transverse to the mirror lines, of automatically positioning the carriage in alignment and successively with the mirror lines and of controlling the transfer robot from the cart on each line of mirrors aligned with the cart to perform u no cleaning sequence for the line's horizontal mirrors and at the end of which the robot is picked up by the cart.
    However, the cleaning robot offers a single cleaning routine that does not take into account the environmental conditions that apply when cleaning the mirrors. For example, the cleaning needs of mirrored reflective surfaces are not the same after a sandstorm as they are during a rain shower. In addition, cleaning of the reflective surfaces by the robot is only carried out at night, making it impossible to detect certain environmental parameters necessary for the detection of particular climatic events such as sandstorms.
    The present invention aims to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art.
    To achieve this object, the invention relates to a method of cleaning reflective surfaces of flat or slightly curved mirrors of a solar installation and arranged in at least one row of mirrors, comprising a first cleaning sequence by rotary brushing of reflecting surfaces of the mirrors in a determined direction along the row of mirrors, characterized in that the method comprises a step of detecting the presence of a sandstorm triggering, following the first cleaning sequence, a second sequence of cleaning in the opposite direction of the reflective surfaces along the row of mirrors by rotary brushing of the reflective surfaces.
    In another feature, the step of detecting the presence of a sandstorm is carried out from the measurement of wind speed, diffuse radiation and direct radiation from sunlight.
    In another feature, the method comprises, prior to the first cleaning sequence and when no sandstorm is detected, a step of checking the presence of water on the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors.
    According to another particular feature, when no presence of water is detected on the reflecting surfaces, the first cleaning sequence is followed by a second cleaning sequence in the opposite direction of the reflecting surfaces along the row of mirrors and successively comprising a washing water spraying phase in the form of flat conical jets on the reflecting surfaces, a rotary brushing phase of the reflecting surfaces and a scraping phase of these reflecting surfaces.
    In another feature, when the presence of water is detected on the reflecting surfaces, the first cleaning sequence is followed by a second cleaning sequence in the opposite direction of the reflecting surfaces along the row of mirrors and comprising successively a phase of rotary brushing of the reflecting surfaces and a phase of scraping of the reflecting surfaces.
    In another feature, the step of verifying the presence of water on the reflective surfaces includes measuring the temperature of the ambient air and the relative humidity to determine the dew point, as well as the measurement of rainfall and temperature of reflective surfaces to determine if there is water on them.
    In another feature, the method comprises a preliminary step of measuring the temperature of the ambient air and / or the temperature of the reflective surfaces, and in that the steps and sequences following this preliminary step are not implemented. work only if the measured temperature is above zero degrees celsius.
    The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example illustrating a embodiment of the invention and in which:
    - Figure 1 shows a diagram illustrating the different stages of the process;
    - Figure 2 shows a partial perspective view showing the cleaning robot cleaning a line of mirrors in the solar installation.
    Referring to the figures and according to the invention, a method of cleaning reflective surfaces of flat or slightly curved mirrors of a solar installation will now be described.
    For example, the solar installation is based on Fresnel mirror technology and includes a set of mirror modules, constituting primary reflectors mounted on a support structure on the ground, along several parallel lines or rows , each row of mirrors comprising a series of several mirrors aligned with each other. The support structure comprises a metal frame consisting of two crosspieces, supporting the opposite ends of the mirror lines by extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of these mirror lines. The two crosspieces are supported by vertical support legs anchored to the ground. This installation further includes a horizontal linear receiver supported by a series of vertical masts so that the linear receiver extends longitudinally above the mirrors which are oriented to reflect and concentrate the solar radiation towards the receiver. The latter receives energy from solar radiation in radiative form and converts it into thermal energy, which can be used in the form of heat or to produce electricity from a turbo-alternator assembly.
    The mirrors are mounted with limited pivoting on the support structure and can pivot simultaneously at the same pivoting angle by at least one drive system, to occupy a certain period of the day in a horizontal position.
    Such a drive system is known per se and need not be further detailed.
    Each mirror can be of the plane mirror type or of the slightly curved plane mirror type when used for the linear concentration technology with Fresnel mirrors. The module of the solar installation also includes a robot for cleaning the reflective surfaces of the mirrors which are arranged in alignment in the same row.
    The cleaning robot has already been described in detail in document FR 2 997 875 in the name of the applicant and only its essential parts will be repeated below.
    This robot comprises a frame 7 made from light alloy profiles, for example aluminum alloy, and which can be mounted in guided displacement in translation along each of the lines of mirrors 2 to perform at least one movement in the forward direction and in the reverse direction along a row of mirrors 2 to perform a cleaning of these mirrors.
    The mobile chassis 7 is powered by an electric motor 8 on board the robot 6 which is mounted guided directly on the mirrors 2 in a row. The electric motor 8, which is powered by a rechargeable battery 9, is connected by a drive mechanism to at least one driving axle carrying two driving wheels 10 which can roll on the mirrors 2 of a line respectively on the two sides of these mirrors , the chassis 7 comprising other freewheeling axles 11 which can also roll on the two sides of the mirrors 2 of the same line, the driving and freewheels 10, 11 extending perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the mirrors 2.
    The movable frame 7 is bilaterally guided along the mirrors 2 of a row by means of a plurality of rollers 12 secured to two longitudinal members 7a of the movable frame 7 parallel to the line of mirrors 2, which rollers 12 extend perpendicularly under the longitudinal members 7a and to the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors 2. The guide rollers 12 are mounted with rolling contact respectively on the lateral edges or lateral edges of the aligned reflectors 2 so that the movable frame 7 can move longitudinally the along the line of mirrors 2 with practically no transverse play.
    The movable frame 7 further comprises a rotary cylindrical brush 13 for cleaning the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors 2 of the same row during the translational movement in the forward direction and in the reverse direction of this frame along the row of mirrors 2.
    The cylindrical brush 13 is integral with the chassis 7 while being supported in rotation by its ends between the two side members 7a of the chassis 7 transversely to the latter and is driven in rotation by the electric motor 8 in the opposite direction to the direction of movement in translation of the chassis 7 along the row of mirrors 2.
    The movable frame 7 also includes a nozzle, not shown, integral with this frame and which can be controlled to spray a washing liquid, such as water, in order to humidify over their entire width the reflective surfaces of mirrors 2 during movement of the chassis 7 in the return direction of the latter. The mobile chassis 7 of the robot 6 is also provided with a scraper, not shown, supported by the chassis 7 in a direction substantially transverse to the two longitudinal members 7a of the chassis 7.
    The movable frame 7 supports a reservoir 14 containing washing liquid, such as water, connected by a pipe, not shown, to an electric pump, also not shown, secured to the frame 7, which pump is connected by a pipe, not shown, to the nozzle to supply it with pressurized washing liquid to be sprayed on the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors 2 during the movement of the movable frame 7.
    The movable chassis 7 further comprises an end-of-stroke sensor fixed to the end of the chassis 7 located downstream relative to the forward direction SA of this carriage and which is able to cooperate with a fixed stop, not shown, located in the vicinity of the transverse free edge of the last mirror of a row situated downstream with respect to the forward direction SA of the chassis 7 so that, by contacting the fixed stop, the limit switch 15 sends a motor control signal electric 8 to move the movable chassis 7 in the opposite direction of return SR along the line of mirrors 2.
    The movable frame 7 finally supports an electronic control unit, not shown, capable of controlling the electric motor 8 for translational movement of the movable frame 7, the rotation of the cylindrical cleaning brush 13, the electric pump supplying water pressurize the cleaning nozzle and receive the electrical signal from the limit switch, the electronic control unit being powered by the rechargeable battery 9. The mobile chassis 7 of the robot 6 is covered with a protective cover 6a.
    The device for transporting and positioning the cleaning robot successively opposite parallel lines of horizontal mirrors of the solar installation has already been described in detail in the document FR 3 022 360 in the name of the applicant and only its essential parts will be repeated below.
    The solar installation 1 also includes a device for transporting and positioning the cleaning robot 6 successively opposite parallel lines L1, L2, ... Ln of horizontal mirrors 2, mounted on the structure of the support 3 for start a cleaning sequence of the horizontal mirrors of each line by the robot 6 which can move back and forth along the line of mirrors 2.
    This device comprises a mobile carriage 16 which can carry the robot 6 and means, which will be defined below, making it possible to control the movement in translation of the carriage 16 relative to the fixed support structure 3 of the mirror lines 2 along a guide path transverse to the mirror lines 2, to automatically position the carriage in alignment and successively with the mirror lines 2 and to control the transfer of the robot 6 from the carriage 16 to each line of mirrors 2 aligned with the carriage 16 for perform a cleaning sequence of the horizontal mirrors 2 of the line, which cleaning robot 6 is recovered by the carriage 16 at the end of this cleaning sequence.
    Preferably, the means for controlling the translational movement of the carriage 16 and of its automatic positioning in alignment with each line of mirrors 2 comprise a servomotor assembly 17 and integrated encoder 17a on board the carriage 16 in the upper part of that -this, a mechanism interposed between the servomotor 17 and the support structure 3 of the line of mirrors 2 to drive in translation the carriage 16 relative to the support structure 3 along the transverse guide path, an EC control electronics of the servomotor 17 fixed to the ground in the vicinity of the middle of the stroke of the carriage 16 between the first line L1 and the last line Ln of mirrors 2 in a location which does not hinder the translational movement of this carriage. The actuator can be of the electric type. The EC control electronics can be housed in a box, not shown, fixed to the ground.
    The translational drive mechanism of the carriage 16 comprises a vertical toothed wheel secured to the motor shaft of the booster 17 and a horizontal rack secured to the cross member 4 of the support structure 3 along the latter, c that is to say in a direction transverse to the lines of mirrors 2, which rack is in mesh with the toothed wheel.
    The means for controlling the translational movement of the carriage 16 and of its automatic positioning in alignment with each line of mirrors 2 further comprise a sensor secured to the carriage 16 and which cooperates with a fixed part secured to the cross member 4 of the support structure 3 at a location defining the starting reference position of the carriage 16 towards the successive lines of mirrors 2. The sensor 31 is connected to the control electronics EC and can provide the latter with an electrical signal relating to the starting reference position of the carriage 16 towards the successive lines of mirrors 2.
    The mobile carriage comprises a second sensor 50, which is connected to the EC control electronics, and capable of providing the latter with a signal for detecting the presence of the robot 6 on the carriage 16 at a starting position of the robot for its transfer to a line of mirrors 2 to be cleaned when the carriage is in alignment with this line.
    The control means of the transfer of the cleaning robot 6 from the carriage 16 on a line of mirrors 2 aligned with the carriage 16 comprise a transmitter circuit 60 forming part of the control electronics EC and a receiver circuit 61 on board the robot cleaning 6 and able to receive from the transmitter circuit 60, by radio, a signal for controlling the movement of the robot 6 towards and on the line of mirrors 2.
    Thus, when the presence of the robot 6 on the carriage 16 is detected by the second sensor 50, the transmitter circuit 60, under the control of the EC control electronics, can transmit a radio signal to the transmitter circuit of the robot 6 , whose propulsion motor 8 is activated to move the robot 6 from the carriage 16 to the line of mirrors 2 aligned with this carriage 6 to perform a sequence of cleaning the mirrors 2 of this line.
    The EC control electronics are also suitable for controlling an EV solenoid valve making it possible to fill the reservoir 14 of the robot 6 with washing liquid when this robot 6 is present at the end of travel on the carriage 16, electrical connectors 65, 66 are electrically and hydraulically connected to each other and a filling level detection sensor 68 provides an electrical signal relating to a low level of washing liquid in the reservoir 14. As a variant, under the same conditions, the EC control electronics, instead of a solenoid valve, can control a pump drawing cleaning liquid from the ground source or from a fixed tank on the ground to fill the tank 14 of the robot 6 with washing liquid.
    The cleaning robot 6 and the movable carriage 16 further include centering members allowing precise axial alignment of the electrical and hydraulic connectors 76, 78, 79 when the robot 6 is present on the carriage 16.
    The operation of the device of the invention is apparent from the above description and will be briefly explained below.
    The robot is programmed to perform periodic cleaning of the reflective surfaces, and advantageously, such cleaning is carried out once a day.
    We place ourselves in the starting conditions, the robot 6 being on the carriage 16 and the position of the latter corresponds to that where the carriage 16 is in alignment with the first line of mirrors 2. The robot 6 then moves along the first line of mirrors 2 in the forward direction SA to perform a first cleaning sequence E1 of the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors 2 of the first line, then in the reverse direction SR to carry out a second cleaning sequence E2, E3, E4 of the reflective surfaces of first line mirrors. The first sequence E1 is a cleaning by rotary brushing of the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors in the forward direction along the row of mirrors of each line of the solar installation.
    The robot then returns to the carriage, the latter then moving so that the position of the carriage corresponds to that where the carriage is in alignment with the second line of mirrors. The robot then moves along the second line of mirrors in the forward direction to perform the first cleaning sequence E1 of the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors in the second line, then in the reverse direction to perform a second cleaning sequence E2, E3, E4 reflective surfaces of the second line mirrors.
    The process of moving the carriage and the cleaning sequences E1, E2, E3, E4 carried out by the robot, described for the first and second lines of mirrors, are then repeated for all the lines of mirrors in the installation.
    According to the invention, the method of cleaning the reflective surfaces of flat or slightly curved mirrors of the solar installation, when the robot performs the first E1 and second E2, E3, E4 cleaning sequences, will now be described.
    Prior to the first cleaning sequence E1, the method comprises a step T1 of detecting the occurrence of a sandstorm which occurred after the last cleaning carried out. It is crucial to detect such a climatic event, since the occurrence of such a storm causes a significant deposit of dust on the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors. However, if there is a large amount of dust on the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors, the addition of water on these reflecting surfaces causes the formation of a mud which, once dry, forms a crust which is particularly difficult to remove, which furthermore greatly reduces the energy efficiency of the solar installation.
    Thus, the detection of the occurrence of a sandstorm T1, which occurred after the last periodic cleaning carried out, triggers during the periodic cleaning following the first cleaning sequence E1 as well as a second cleaning sequence E2 in the direction reverse of the first sequence E1, by rotary brushing of the reflecting surfaces. We therefore avoid adding water if cleaning takes place after a sandstorm, that is to say when the reflective surfaces are covered with dust. The formation of mud is therefore avoided.
    In order to detect dust storms, the solar installation includes a sun tracking system, also known as a solar tracker, which includes a pyrheliometric sensor to measure the direct normal sunshine (or radiation), as well than a pyranometer-type sensor to measure total solar radiation. A computer in the cleaning robot can deduce the diffuse solar radiation by subtracting the normal direct radiation from the total solar radiation. The solar installation includes a weather sensor to measure the wind speed.
    Finally, in order to memorize the occurrence of a sandstorm that occurred after the last periodic cleaning, the robot includes a memory space, for example integrated into the programmer intended to trigger the periodic cleaning, so that the memorization of such a climatic event allows for periodic cleaning following the triggering of the appropriate cleaning sequences.
    The analysis by the robot's computer of the wind speed as well as the evolution of direct and diffuse radiation makes it possible to detect sandstorms.
    If no sandstorm is detected, then the method comprises, prior to the first cleaning sequence E1, a step of checking T2 for the presence of water on the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors.
    To check the presence of water on the reflective surfaces, the solar installation comprises a sensor of the meteorological rain gauge type and a sensor of the meteorological relative humidity type sensor, making it possible to measure the rainfall and the humidity degree respectively. relative ambient air. In addition, the solar installation includes a temperature sensor, for example a contact probe placed on a reflecting surface of a mirror, to measure the temperature of the mirrors. Finally, the installation includes an ambient air temperature sensor.
    The measurement of the ambient air temperature and the relative humidity allows the robot computer to deduce the dew point, that is to say the temperature from which the water contained in the ambient air spontaneously condenses on a surface. This dew point data, coupled with the mirror temperature data, allows the computer to check whether water from condensation is present on the reflective surfaces. In addition, by measuring rainfall, the robot’s sensor can detect whether rainwater is present on the reflective surfaces.
    If water is present on the reflecting surfaces, the first cleaning sequence by rotary brushing is followed by a second cleaning sequence E3 in the opposite direction to the first sequence E1, this second sequence E3 successively comprising a phase rotary brushing of the reflective surfaces and a scraping phase of the reflective surfaces to dry the mirrors. The addition of water is unnecessary here to clean the reflective surfaces, because of the presence of water on these surfaces due to rain or condensation.
    When no water is detected on the reflecting surfaces, the first cleaning sequence E1 by rotary brushing is followed by a second cleaning sequence E4 in the opposite direction to the first sequence E1, this second sequence E4 successively comprising a washing water spraying phase in the form of flat conical jets on the reflecting surfaces, a rotary brushing phase of the reflecting surfaces and a scraping phase of the reflecting surfaces to dry the mirrors. This second cleaning sequence E4 is here identical to that described in the document FR 3 022 360 in the name of the applicant.
    Finally, the method comprises a preliminary step T0 for measuring the temperature of the ambient air, and / or advantageously the temperature of the reflective surfaces, and verifying that this temperature is greater than zero degrees celsius. If the temperature measured in this step T0 is greater than zero degrees celsius, then the steps and sequences following this preliminary step T0 are implemented. On the other hand, if the temperature measured at this stage T0 is less than or equal to zero degrees celsius, then the cleaning process according to the invention is postponed to a later time, when the temperature of the ambient air will again be greater than zero degrees celsius and that the process will not interfere with the operation of the installation, when the sun is down for example.
    The cleaning method according to the invention thus makes it possible to adapt the cleaning sequences of the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors of the solar installation as a function of climatic events and their evolution. The process of the invention therefore makes it possible to make substantial savings in water and energy necessary for the operation of the cleaning robot. In addition, since the process now prevents the formation of a dry crust of mud on the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors, the energy efficiency of the solar installation is not affected.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Method for cleaning reflective surfaces of flat or slightly curved mirrors (2) of a solar installation (1) and arranged in at least one row of mirrors (2), comprising a first cleaning sequence (E1) by rotary brushing reflecting surfaces of the mirrors in a determined direction (SA) along the row of mirrors, characterized in that the method comprises a step of detecting (T1) the presence of a triggering sandstorm, following the first sequence cleaning (E1), a second cleaning sequence (E2) in opposite direction (SR) of the reflecting surfaces along the row of mirrors (2) by rotary brushing of the reflecting surfaces.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. A cleaning method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of detecting (T1) the presence of a sandstorm is carried out by measuring the wind speed, the diffuse radiation and the radiation direct sunlight.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. A cleaning method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises, prior to the first cleaning sequence (E1) and when no sandstorm is detected, a verification step (T2) of the presence of water on the reflecting surfaces of the mirrors (2).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Cleaning method according to claim 3, characterized in that, when no presence of water is detected on the reflecting surfaces, the first cleaning sequence (E1) is followed by a second cleaning sequence (E4 ) in the opposite direction (SR) of the reflecting surfaces along the row of mirrors (2) and successively comprising a phase of spraying washing water in the form of flat conical jets on the reflecting surfaces, a phase of rotary brushing of the surfaces reflective and a scraping phase of these reflective surfaces.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. A cleaning method according to claim 3, characterized in that, when the presence of water is detected on the reflecting surfaces, the first cleaning sequence (E1) is followed by a second cleaning sequence (E3) in the direction reverse (SR) of the reflective surfaces along the row of mirrors (2) and successively comprising a rotary brushing phase of the reflective surfaces and a scraping phase of the reflective surfaces.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. A cleaning method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the verification step (T2) of the presence of water on the reflective surfaces comprises measuring the temperature of the ambient air and relative humidity to determine the dew bridge, as well as the measurement of rainfall and temperature
    5 reflective surfaces.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. A cleaning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a preliminary step of measuring the temperature of the ambient air (TO) and / or the temperature of the reflecting surfaces, and in that the steps and sequences following this preliminary step are only implemented if the temperature
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    10 measured is greater than zero degrees celsius.
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2018-05-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-12-07| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20181207 |
    2019-05-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-05-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1700579A|FR3066930B1|2017-05-31|2017-05-31|METHOD FOR CLEANING REFLECTIVE SURFACES OF MIRRORS OF A SOLAR INSTALLATION|
    FR1700579|2017-05-31|FR1700579A| FR3066930B1|2017-05-31|2017-05-31|METHOD FOR CLEANING REFLECTIVE SURFACES OF MIRRORS OF A SOLAR INSTALLATION|
    PCT/FR2018/051261| WO2018220333A1|2017-05-31|2018-05-31|Method for cleaning reflective surfaces of mirrors of a solar installation|
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